云南省疟疾防治研究所  张国才  董学书  王学忠  卢勇荣

全文发表于《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》1989年第7卷第2期100-102页

 

提要: 腾冲县固东区，位于云南西部地区，1986年曾发生较大面积的疟疾流行，发病率达12‰ 。当地按蚊相简单，仅捕获昆明按蚊、中华按蚊和多斑按蚊3种，以昆明按蚊为优势种，捕于人、牛房共14871只按蚊，其中昆明按蚊占77.6 %。为弄清当地的传疟媒介及其以传播疟疾有关的生态习性，于1987年7～8月，对昆明按蚊和中华按蚊的传疟作用作了定量研究，并将两种按蚊作一比较。昆明按蚊的昆虫学接种率为0.0038，中华按蚊为0.000031，按比例推算当地居民的疟疾病例，由昆明按蚊传播占99.1%，中华按蚊为0.9%。结果证明：昆明按蚊为当地的高效媒介，它的传疟作用相当于中华按蚊的110倍。

QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON TRANSMISSION OF MALARIA BY ANOPHELES KUNMINGENSIS

Zhang Guocai, Dong Xueshu, Wang Xuezhong, Lu Yongrong

Yunnan provincial Institute of Malaria Control

 

ABSTACT.  From July to August 1987，a quantitative study on the vector potential of An. Kunmingensis (sp.nov) in comparison with An. Sinenis was carried out in nine malaria endemic villages of Tengchong County of western Yunnan. All the villages contained only three anopheles species：An. kunmingensis，An. sinensis and An. Maculatus，among which An.kunmingensis accounted for 77% of 14 871 anopheline mosquitoes collected isnside the houses and cowsheds. Adult density，man-biting rate，human blood index，sporozoite rate，parity rate and sporogonic cycle of all the three species were determined. The vectorical capacity appraised by using the above-mentioned indices of An. kunmingensis was far in excess to that of An. sinensis，An. kunmingensis was thus incriminated as the main malaria vector based upon its indoor abundance，relatively high man-biting rate and the finding of a sporozoite-positive specimen during the peak malaria season. In the light of its endophilic characteristics，residual insecticide has been used effectively in the control of An. Kunmingensis.

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